Ep. 237 | The Warlord Era (Part 7)

In this Part 7 episode, the decade of battling warlords is coming to an end.  Anhui and Zhili, then Zhili and Fengtian…and then Zhili and Fengtian again…The last of these series of clashes between warlords contending for supremacy in China will be the Anti-Fengtian War (covered in this very episode). 

After 1925 everyone had had enough with these military governors.  Everyone was ready for someone to step up and take them on and deal with them once and for all.  In these final years, it won’t be warlords fighting each other as much as they will be fighting for their own survival.

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Terms in Episode

Pinyin/TermChineseEnglish/Meaning
Anhui Clique皖系Also called The An-Fu Clique. One of the cliques that emerged after the death of Yuan Shikai. Leaders of this Clique were all from Anhui province
Anti-Fèngtiān War反奉战争The last major intra-warlord conflict. It is also called the Third Zhílì-Fèngtiān War and Guominjun Fengtian War. Lasted Nov 1925 to April 1926
Bāotóu包头Major city in Inner Mongolia
Cháhā’ěr察哈尔Historic province from 1912-1936 just to the east of Suiyuan in what is today Inner Mongolia
Duàn Qíruì段祺瑞1865-1936. Warlord and China politician. Also served as premier. Originally from Hefei, Anhui, he haded the Anhui Clique
Dù Yuèshēng杜月笙1888-1951, Big Eared Du, along with Pockmarked Huang, one of the top guys in the Green Gang that ruled the vice in Shanghai
Dūjūn督军military governor
Fèngtiān奉天系The military and political organization headed by the Manchurian Warlord, Zhang Zuolin.
Féng Yùxiáng馮玉祥1882-1948, known as The Christian Warlord and The Betraying General. A major figure from the warlord era
Guómínjūn國民軍National People’s Army. Also the name of Feng Yuxiang's Clique
Guō Sōnglíng郭松龄1883-1925, One of Zhang Zuolin's generals who mutinied in November 1925 which led to the Anti Fengtian War
Gānsù甘肅Province in western China
Gǒuròu JIāngjūn狗肉将军The Dogmeat General, one of Zhang Zongchang's many nicknames
Harbin哈尔滨Capital of Heilongjiang Province in Manchuria
Hú Hànmín胡汉民1879-1936, on again off again ally of Chiang Kai-shek. A major political figure in the KMT from the earliest days
Hūhéhàotè呼和浩特Hohhet, capital of Inner Mongolia
Jiāngsū江苏Coastal Province in East China north of Shanghai
Jìnán济南Capital city of Shandong Province
Jūnfá军阀Warlord
Láizhōu莱州City located on the north Shāndōng coast west of Yāntái
Lín Yǔtáng林语堂1895-1976, Chinese linguist and writer, considered by many to be the greatest of the 20th century. He had a brilliant academic career and was a major influence on key leaders.
Lú YǒngxiángMilitary governor of Zhèjiāng and was an Ānhuī Clique man. Lived from 1867 to 1933
Ordos鄂尔多斯City in Inner Mongolia
Second Zhílì-Fèngtiān War第二次直奉战争War fought between Wu Peifu and Zhang Zuolin between September 15, 1924 - November 3, 1924
Shāndōng山东Coastal province in north China
Súiyuǎn绥远A historic province in the central part of present-day Inner Mongolia
Sān Bù Zhī Jiāngjūn三不知将军“Three Don’t Knows“ General
Sūn Chuánfāng孫傳芳1885-1935, Known as The Nanking Warlord. One of the major warlords of the era
Tiānjìn天津Municipality within Hebei Province but reporting direct to the Central Government. Just southeast of Beijing
Wú Pèifú吳佩孚1862-1938, Succeeded Feng Guozhang as head of the Zhili Clique, also former president of China
Wāng Jīngwèi汪精卫1883-1944 was the Guangdong-born leader of the Left Wing of the Kuomintang
Wūhǎi乌海City in Inner Mongolia
Yuán Shìkǎi袁世凯1859-1916, Military and government official and first president of the Republic of China. Also called "The First Warlord"
Zhāng Xuéliáng张学良The Young Marchal, son of Zhang Zuolin. Lived a hundred years from June 3, 1901 to October 15, 2001
Zhāng Zuòlín張作霖1875-1928, The Manchurian Warlord, another major warlord in his day
Zhāng Zōngchāng张宗昌Known by many nicknames, he was one of Zhang Zuolin's best generals. Later became Military Governor of Shandong. Lived from 1881-1932
Zhāngjiākǒu張家口City located to the northwest of Beijing, also known in Chinese history by its Mongol name, Kalgan

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Ep. 238 | The Warlord Era (Part 8)

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Ep. 236 | The Warlord Era (Part 6)