Ep. 232 | The Warlord Era (Part 2)
We looked at the setup for the Warlord Era last episode. This time in Part 2 we focus on the rise and fall of Yuan Shikai and all the measures he took between 1911-1916. These all primed the pump for the Warlord Era that followed his sudden death.
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Terms in Episode
| Pinyin/Term | Chinese | English/Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Ānhuī | 安徽省 | Province in Eastern China |
| Běiyáng Army | 北洋军 | Literally "North Ocean Army." This army served as the centerpiece of the Qing Dynasty's military modernization efforts. |
| Cài È | 蔡锷 | 1882-1916, student of Liang Qichao Yunnan warlord, best known for his role in challenging the imperial ambitions of Yuan Shikai during the anti-monarchy war. |
| Cíxǐ | 慈禧太后 | The Empress Dowager Cixi, 1835-1908, ruled China from 1861 to 1908 |
| Duàn Qíruì | 段祺瑞 | 1865-1936. Warlord and China politician. Also served as premier. Originally from Hefei, Anhui, he headed the Anhui Clique |
| Dūdu | 都督 | Military governors in charge of civil administration |
| Emperor Pǔyí | 溥仪 | The Last Emperor, also known as the Xuantong Emperor |
| Empress Dowager Lóngyù | 孝定景皇后 (隆裕) | 1868-1913, Former empress consort to the Guāngxù Emperor. Became Empress Dowager of the Qing following the death of Cixi in 1908 |
| Èrcì Gémìng | 二次革命 | The Second Revolution that lasted June to November 1913 |
| Féng Guózhāng | 冯国璋 | General and politician during the Republic of China. Lived from 1859-1919 |
| Guìzhōu | 贵州省 | Province in Southwest China |
| Guāngxù Emperor | 光绪帝 | Second to last Qing Emperor who reigned from 1875-1908 |
| Guǎngdōng | 广东省 | Province in Southern China |
| Guǎngxī | 广西省 | Province in Southwest China, next door to Guangdong |
| Hànkǒu | 汉口 | Another one of the three cities that makes up the metropolis of Wuhan |
| Hànyáng | 汉阳 | One of the three cities that makes up the metropolis of Wuhan |
| Hénán | 河南省 | Northern province of China |
| Hóng Xiùquán | 洪秀全 | 1814-1864, a Hakka revolutionary who led the Taiping Rebellion against the Qing Dynasty. Known as the Taiping Heavenly King |
| Hóngxiàn Emperor | 洪宪帝 | Regnal name of Yuan Shikai |
| Hùguó Zhànzhēng | 护国战争 | The National Protection War directed against Yuan Shikai.December 1915 to July 1916 |
| Húnán | 湖南 | Province in Central China |
| Jiāngxī | 江西省 | Province in Eastern China |
| Liáng Qǐchāo | 梁启超 | 1873-1929, Chinese man of letters as well as a political figure of the late Qing and early ROC periods |
| Lí Yuánhóng | 黎元洪 | Lived 1864-1928, president of the ROC 1916-1917 and 1922-23 |
| Lǐ Hóngzhāng | 李鸿章 | 1823-1901, Qing era general, diplomat and politician |
| Lǐ Lièjūn | 李烈钧 | 1882-1946, Chinese revolutionary leader and general in the early Republic of China |
| Nánjīng | 南京 | Capital of Jiangsu province and capital of the Ming Dynasty and Republic of China |
| Qīng | 清朝 | China's last imperial dynasty, lasted 1644-1911 |
| Sun Yat-sen | 孙中山 / 孙逸仙 | Sometimes called the Father of Modern China. He lived from 1866-1925. One of the great modern Chinese revolutionaries |
| Sòng Jiàorén | 宋教仁 | 1882-1913, Chinese republican revolutionary, political leader and a founder of the Kuomintang (KMT). He was assassinated in 1913 after leading his Kuomintang party to victory in China's first democratic elections. |
| Tàipíng Rebellion | 太平天国运动 | Rebellion and civil war in China that lasted from 1850-1864 |
| Táng Jìyáo | 唐继尧 | 1883-1927, general and warlord of Yunnan during the Warlord Era of early Republican China. He was military governor of Yunnan from 1913-27 |
| Táng Shàoyí | 唐绍仪 | Chinese diplomat and statesman. Lived from 1862-1938 |
| Tóng Chuáng Yì Mèng | 同床异梦 | Old Chinese saying that means, "Same bed, different dreams" |
| Tóngménghuì | 同盟会 | Sun Yat-sen's United League, forerunner to the Guomindang 国民党….or KMT. |
| Wellington Koo | 顾维钧 | Republic of China diplomat featured in CHP episodes 214 and 215 |
| Wǔchāng | 武昌 | The third of the three cities that makes up the metropolis of Wuhan. Also the site of the Wuchang Uprising 10-10-1911 |
| Wǔchāng Uprising | 武昌起义 | Uprising that started on 10-10-1911 in the city of Wuchang. Led to the fall of the Qing Dynasty |
| Yuán Shìkǎi. | 袁世凯 | 1859-1916, Military and government official and first president of the Republic of China. Also called "The First Warlord" |
| Yúnnán province | 云南省 | Province in Southwest China |
| Yǒng Yíng | 勇营 | Also known as Braves, these were regional militias that emerged during the Qing that consisted of local peasant soldiers |
| Zhāng Xūn | 张勋 | 1854-1923, Qing loyalist general who attempted to restore the abdicated emperor Puyi in the Manchu Restoration of 1917. He also supported Yuan Shikai during his time as president |
| Zhōu Dynasty | 周朝 | Western Zhou 1046-771 BCE and Eastern Zhou 771-221 BCE |
| Zēng Guófān | 曾国藩 | 1811-1872, Qing era statesman, general, scholar and leader of the Xiang (Hunan) Army. |
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Related Episodes
Thanks everyone for listening to this History of Taiwan series. We'll conclude things here in Part 15.